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Impact of late effects severity of anticancer therapy on subjective quality of life of childhood cancer survivors
Blatný, Marek ; Kepák, T. ; Sobotková, Veronika ; Jelínek, Martin ; Slezáčková, Alena ; Bartošová, Kateřina ; Tóthová, K.
Psychosocial problems of patients who underwent childhood malignancy treatment are together with health problems the most severe consequences of anticancer therapy. In this study, we deal with relationship between severity of late effects and subjective quality of life of childhood cancer survivors. The sample consisted of 95 cancer survivors (47 boys and 48 girls) aged 13 to 19 who were in remission for 2 to 5 years at the time of examination. To measure quality of life we used the Minnesota-Minneapolis Quality of Life Instrument (MMQL), severity of late effects we assessed on 4-point scale in accordance with CTCAE (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0). Severity of late effects of anticancer therapy influences negatively physical functioning, cognitive functioning, body image and social functioning. Psychological (emotional) functioning and outlook of life are not significantly impacted by severity of late effects.
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Subjective perception of intergroup contact with nationals of four countries neighboring to the Czech Republic
Kouřilová, Sylvie
The paper focuses on subjective perception of intergroup contact with people from four countries neighboring to the Czech republic. The study is a part of a research project „Intergroup attitudes and contact in Central Europe“. One of the goals of the project is to determine how contacts with people of other nationalities relate to attitudes towards these nations. Czech university students described their experience with Germans (N = 176), Austrians (N = 165), Poles (N = 174), and Slovaks (N = 176). Content analysis of their open statements revealed six topics covering nature of contact with people of the given nationalities. Description of the identified categories, their illustration with examples from data as well as their frequency across respondents´ statements give picture about intergroup contact with the four neighboring nationalities.
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Antisocial behavior of adolescents and its relationship to dimensions of Five factor model of personality
Sobotková, Veronika ; Blatný, Marek ; Jelínek, Martin
Antisocial behavior essential type of risk behavior in adolescence. The incidence, seriousness, and typical symptoms are solved in particular in relation to demographic variables - age, sex, size of place of residence. Relatively few studies deal with the relationship between antisocial behavior and personality traits. In this study, we focused on the relationship between the Big Five dimensions and antisocial behavior. Research was conducted with a sample of high school students (N = 108, 51% girls). We used antisocial behavior scale from the SAHA questionnaire (Social and Health Assessment, for personality traits we used the NEO-FFI questionnaire. Analyses were made separately for girls and boys. For both genders, antisocial behavior is consistently associated with Conscientiousness. Another factors have different connections with antisocial behavior for boys and girls. The results support the hypothesis of a different aetiology of antisocial behavior in boys and girls.
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Psychological predictors and correlates of subjectively assessed health problems: a longitudinal perspective
Slezáčková, Alena ; Millová, Katarína ; Blatný, Marek ; Jelínek, Martin
The study examines the psychological correlates of health problems in people of middle age and their predictors in adolescence. The sample consisted of 74 participants (32 men and 42 woman aged from 41 to 44 years) who participate in the longitudinal study running from 1961. An analysis of data obtained using the methods EPI, SOC, NEO, TCI, Logo-test and Health questionnaire revealed that the most significant predictor of health problems in adulthood is extraversion at age 16. We found in middle age connections between psychosomatic problems and the degree of extraversion, neuroticism, Sense of Coherence and self-directedness. Specific health problems (pain, shortness of breath) in middle age are also connected to the degree of existential frustration and self-directedness. The results of this study highlight the importance of studying the psychological correlates and predictors of health status of individuals in adulthood.
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Predictors of career orientation from the perspective of 50 year longitudinal study
Millová, Katarína ; Blatný, Marek ; Jelínek, Martin ; Šolcová, Iva
The study deals with the psychological and environmental predictors and correlates of career orientation in middle adulthood. The sample consisted of 74 participants (32 men, 42 women; 41-44 years) who participate in the longitudinal study running from 1961. Atmosphere in the family of origin, intelligence and school success at 12 years predict only educational level in adulthood, but not career orientation indexed by stability of career line and long-term unemployment. Concurrently, educational level in adulthood is slightly related to career orientation. The stability of career line, is influenced also by personality characteristics measured in middle adolescence, especially by extraversion. Highly extraverted adolescents had variable (but not unstable) career line in their middle adulthood. Career orientation was associated with risk behavior and with sense of coherence: risk behavior was connected to long-term unemployment and sense of coherence to stability of career line.
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The historical background and current relations of the Polish towards the Czechs
Leix, Alicja
Czechs are currently the most favorite nation in Poland. It has not always been like this. The article starts with a brief historical introduction of the most important facts which used to influence Czech-Polish relationships, including the role of their neighbours – Slovakia, Germany, Russia and Hungary. The biggest attention is devoted to the current situation when the popularity of the Czech culture in Poland is constantly growing. The article points to the most popular books about the Czech Republic and its people written in Poland, it also explains the term „czechofilie“(„Czechophilia“). It introduces results from an international project Intergroup Attitudes and Contact in Central Europe as well as relevant statistics data and outcomes of severeal Czech and Polish studies devoted to various aspects of the Polish-Czech relationships.
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Regional stereotypes: Personality characteristics of a typical Czech, Moravian and Silesian
Hřebíčková, Martina ; Cholastová, E.
The research compared profiles of personality traits based on ratings of regional stereotypes. The five-factor model of personality measured with National Character Survey was used as a framework for rating of regional stereotypes. Altogether, 944 university students from different parts of the Czech Republic were asked to rate personality traits of a typical inhabitant of three regions in the Czech Republic: Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia. Similarities between profiles of regional stereotypes were determined with ICC. Respondents from different parts of the Czech Republic agreed in perception of personality traits of a typical Bohemian, Moravian and Silesian. The comparison of regional stereotypes showed no convergence. A typical Czech was perceived as more open to new experience and more conscientious as compared to a typical Moravian and Silesian. A typical Moravian was rated as extraverted and agreeable.
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